chris horn's blog

On the morning that today's Irish Times announced that our health service minister is seeking a further 900Meuro reduction in the 14,000Meuro health budget, our deputy prime minster ("Tanaiste") Mary Coghlan announced a further 45Meuro investment in three large national science research centres.

I'm waiting for the reaction from certain public chat-show hosts on our national media: "how is it morally justifiable to spend 45Meuro when it would appear that the crisis in our accident and emergency units in our hospitals is about to severely deepen ?"

Let's see. 45Meuro would buy 560 return flights to Florida on the Government Gulfstream for the Minister of Health and her colleagues; or almost 5,000 return first class transatlantic airtrips for the CEO of a major Irish agency - funded by the taxpayer; or over a 1,000,000 pay-per-view private in-hotel movies for the executives of a major Irish agency - funded by the taxpayer; or 90,000 gifts (glass barometers) for a serving senior Minister - from taxpayers funds. And, as an afterthought perhaps, the investment is worth 228,000 attendances at accident and emergency units in Irish hospitals; or 69,000 in-patient bed days at Irish hospitals; or about just 35% of the cost of a failed and written-off national payroll system for our health service.

The 45Meuro invested today in world class scientific research is a serious moral choice. We can invest in science, or we can partially reduce cut backs in our public services. The consequential responsibility on our science research leaders is onerous. The three centres receiving funding today have already demonstrated impactful advances not just on the standard of scientific research in Ireland, but also to the potential economic and social benefits to Ireland - and indeed humanity at large.

Dr Fergus Shanahan's APC team have already produced world class leadership in the understanding, and the consequential application of, of the complex microbiology and pharmabiotics of the human intestine. The global benefits of pro-biotic food additives are largely due to their outstanding work.

One of the potential benefits of nanotechnology research is the highly targetted delivery of drug payloads to any specific part of the body. Today's delivery of drugs in the human body is akin to the military carpet bombing of world war two: one can appreciate the benefits if we could deliver drugs within the body as clinically as today's military smart weapon delivery systems. The CRANN team, hosted at TCD by John Boland, have much opportunity here and it is perhaps surprising that SFI have apparently not yet focussed more on the biomedical opportunities of nanotechnology research.

Dr Stefan Decker and his team at the DERI project (disclosure: I am on the technical advisory board) in Galway are focussed on enabling computers to really understand the deep complexity of human languages and nuances. If computers can learn to understand the semantics of human communication, then one of the many outcomes can be not just better web search engines, but better web based harmonisation engines which can reconcile what you already know with what you might not know. The opportunities to advance human understanding - by leveraging what is already known by across both today's, but also yesterday's, humanity, rather than forgetting or re-discovering what is in fact already known elsewhere or previously in history - are breathtaking.

But there are also other major centres in Ireland. Declaring a personal interest as the Chair of its governance board, the CTVR centre is globally unique in exploiting a great untapped natural resource, which we are extremely fortunate to have here in Ireland: the airwaves - the 'electro-magnetic spectrum' - which are unsaturated in Ireland, and thus a wonderful opportunity for very advanced new communication technologies. The BDI centre is researching very rapid diagnosis and self-test of medical conditions by non-invasive (e.g. saliva, sweat, blood pinpricks) sampling. The REMEDI centre is researching advanced stem cell research from adult humans.

All of this research, conducted in Ireland, is incredibly impressive. Furthermore, Irish scientific diaspora have returned, and Ireland is acting as a magnet for other nationals to undertake world class research here. The quality, and quantity, of high profile, globally widely-cited scientific papers, and of patents, has increased dramatically.

For me, one of the most exciting consequences has been the proliferation of cross-disciplinary and inter-institutional research amongst our young researchers and principal investigators, despite perhaps our long standing traditional hostility and open competition that all too often has hitherto corrupted some of the more established and senior talent in our universities (as I wrote here). There are clear opportunities for further collaboration between the universities in Ireland supported at the highest level.

But I remain concerned.

I remain concerned, because in my own view, the Irish state agencies - and in particular Science Foundation Ireland - have insufficiently focussed on the opportunity to translate world class research undertaken in Ireland into innovative products and services for the global market. In my view, Science Foundation Ireland is myopically focussed on Science: but what we also need - perhaps need even more - is a focus on Engineering. Ireland needs to take the most interesting scientific results globally available to engineer innovative new products and services for the world market.

I was surprised and concerned, for example, to learn that SFI reputedly believes that the work at REMEDI is overly focussed on commercial exploitation and industry linkage, rather than as SFI reputedly believes what is more nationally strategic basic research: this seems to me to in fact be the antithesis of what the small open Irish economy, with limited financial resources by global standards, actually needs. I am surprised and disappointed, that SFI does not have, and a senior executive has actually told me that it does not see the need for, a national showcase or centre for the outstanding scientific results which its sponsored researchers have already produced, and which are available for uptake by national and multi-national industry at large. I am surprised and disappointed that SFI sees no role in outreach to the Irish public to explain the importance of science in incidents like last week's national dioxin crisis, through a vehicle such as the Science Gallery (again a disclosure: for which I am chair). I am surprised and disappointed that SFI seems to think it can be just a shipyard launching ships, rather than an admiral not only building ships, but leading a complementary and mutually re-enforcing cohesive fleet to take on the world.

45Meuro is a lot of accident and emergency bed spaces. I absolutely know that the research teams receiving this funding feel the awesome national responsibility of the Irish taxpayer watching over them. But I am concerned that SFI is currently missing a much bigger picture than it currently seems able to see.

Fans of Roddy Doyle will know that one of his novels is “The Van” in which Jimmy Rabbitte sells cheap grub – fish and chips - to the hungry in Dublin, whilst trying to stay one step ahead of the city health officials. If you haven’t heard of Roddy Doyle, then perhaps you might nevertheless have seen the movie or heard the music from “The Commitments”, which is based on one of his other books, and is the story of a new soul band born in Dublin city.

“The Van”, or “Van the Man”, are also nicknames for the great Belfast musician and singer Van Morrison, one of my personal favorites.

Anyway. “The Van” is kind-of well-established in Dublin culture!

For the next two weeks, a new “Van” is hitting the streets of Dublin. It is white, marked prominently with “CTVR” and has various antennae on the roof. In fact, it will be making history: in conjunction with two major international wireless conferences being hosted back to back in Dublin – IEEE DySpan and IEEE VTC – the first civilian trials (I believe in the world..) will be taking place in live dynamic spectrum, ultra-wideband antennae and software radio.

The unique trials are being undertaken by international researchers attending either or both conferences, and the research team in the Centre for Telecommunications Value Chain Research (CTVR), for which Prof. Donal O’Mahony is the Centre Director; Dr. Linda Doyle of TCD leads the software radio activities; Dr. Ronan O’Farrell of NUI Maynooth leads radio frequency hardware research; and for which I am the current chairperson.

Raw data and the results of the live experiments are being made available to the attendees of the two conferences, for follow up study and research. Some leading companies and researchers worldwide have brought their own equipment and research tools to Dublin to be able, for the very first time, to conduct their own live experiments, during the two conferences.

Our national Commission for Communications Regulation (ComReg) granted CTVR a special trial license for the research, which enables live experimentation in dynamic spectrum management. The work has global impact, since in general the electromagnetic spectrum worldwide is increasingly crowded. Currently, broadcasters (mobile phone operators, TV stations, radio stations, emergency services, satellite communications, navigation frequencies, etc) are statically allocated frequency ranges by each jurisdiction. In many cases however, the spectrum at specific frequencies and at a particular location or region may be actually currently idle – for example a TV station might be currently off-air, or current traffic on a mobile phone network relatively light. Dynamic spectrum techniques change the entire model: frequencies can be allocated on demand as actually needed rather than statically pre-allocated; used, and then released. They even can be traded on demand, opening up entire new business models..

Ireland’s own use of the electromagnetic spectrum is not as crowded as many other jurisdictions, in part as a consequence of not having a large military requirement for frequency allocations. ComReg has been remarkably fore-sighted in permitting (I believe, the world’s first civilian) live experimental use of a large swathe of frequencies, including for CTVR. One major possible use of dynamic frequency techniques and ultra-wideband antennae is for IPTV transmissions. Equally, software radios potentially enable miniaturisation of the current portfolio of antennae ‘stacks” – such as in “tri-band” cell and mobile phones, and other mobile devices and sensors – into a single, dynamically-tuneable, antenna driven by software.

If you’re in Dublin city over the next two weeks, watch out for the CTVR Van!! And if you’re interested in dynamic spectrum, software radio or ultra wide-band antennae, then get along to the conferences, in the Burlington hotel.